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60
См.: Cooper E., Packard R. Introduction // International Development and the Social Sciences: Essays on the History and Politics of Knowledge / Ed. F. Cooper, R. Packard. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. P. 1–41.
61
Doyle. Empires. P. 71–72.
62
De-scribing Empire: Post-Colonialism and Textuality / Ed. С Tiffin, A. Lawson. L.: Routledge, 1994. P. 3.
63
Said E. W. Orientalism. N. Y.: Pantheon, 1978; Idem. Culture and Imperialism. N. Y.: Knopf, 1993.
64
Cooper E., Stoler A. L. Between Metropole and Colony: Rethinking a Research Agenda // Idem. Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. P. 1.
65
Ibid.
66
Ibid. P. 9.
67
Ibid. P. 40,36–37.
68
Kahler M. Empires, Neo-Empires, and Political Change: The British and French Experience // The End of Empire? / Ed. D. Parrott. P. 288.
69
Ibid.
70
Bushkovitch P. What Is Russia? Russian National Consciousness and the State, 1500–1917. P. 3 (неопубликованная статья).
71
Wortman R. Scenarios of Power: Myth and Ceremony in Russian Monarchy: Vol. I. From Peter the Great to the Death of Nicholas I. Princeton; N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1995.
72
Ibid. P. 6.
73
Об этом см.: Kappeler A. Russland als Vielvolkerreich: Entstehung, Geschichte, Zerfall. Miinchen: С.Н. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, 1992. Я пользовался французским переводом Ги Имара: La Russie, Empire multiethnique. P.: Institut d'Etudes Slave, 1994. P. 25–30.
74
Riasnovsky N. V. Historical Consciousness and National Identity: Some Considerations on the History of Russian Nationalism. New Orleans: Graduate School of Tulane University, 1991. P. 2–3; Pritsak 0. The Origin of Rus' // Russian Review. 1977.36. № 3. P. 249–273.
75
Kivelson V. Merciful Father, Impersonal State: Russian Autocracy in Comparative Perspective// Modern Asia Studies. 1997.31. № 3. P. 637–638.
76
Cherniavsky M. Russia // National Consciousness, History, and Political Culture in Early-Modern Europe / Ed. O. Ranum. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1975. P. 119–121.
77
Guriff G., Guroff A. The Paradox of Russian National Identity // The Influence of Ethnicity on Russian Foreign Policy. 1993. № 16. P. 7–9 (доклад на конференции [Russian Littoral Project Conference]).
78
Hellie R. Slavery in Russia, 1450–1725. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982. P. 392.
79
Ibid.
80
Kivelson. Merciful Father, Impersonal State. P. 643.
81
Wortman. Scenarios of Power. P. 25.
82
Ibid. P. 28.
83
Cherniaysky. Russia. P. 123; см. также: Idem. Khan or Basileus: An Aspect of Russian Medieval Political Theory //Journal of the History of Ideas. 1959. 20. P. 459–476; репринт статьи в: The Structure of Russian History: Interpretive Essays / Ed. M. Cherniaysky. N. Y.: Random House, 1970. P. 65–79; и Tsar and People: Studies in Russian Myths. New Haven; Co
84
Bushkovitch P. The Formation of a National Consciousness in Early Modern Russia // Harvard Ukranian Studies. 1986.10. № 3–4. P. 363.
85
Khodarkovsky M. From Frontier to Empire: The Concept of the Frontier in Russia, Sixteenth-Eighteenth Centuries // Russian History. 1992. 19. Nb 1–4. P. 115–128; Idem. Where Two Worlds Met: The Russian State and the Kalmyk Nomads, 1600–1771. Ithaca; N. Y.: Cornell University Press, 1992. Idem. Of Christianity, Enlightenment and Colonialism: Russia in the North Caucasus, 1550–1800 //Journal of Modern History. 1999.71. № 2. P. 394–430.
86
Raeff M. Patterns of Russian Imperial Policy toward the Nationalities // Soviet Nationality Problems / Ed. E. Allworth. N. Y.: Columbia University Press, 1971. P. 22–42.
87
Slezkine Yu. Arctic Mirrors: Russia and the Small Peoples of the North. Ithaca; N. Y.: Cornell University Press, 1994. P. 41–45.
88
Ibid. P. 44–45.
89
Cracraft J. Empire versus Nation: Russian Political Theory under Peter I // Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 1986. 10. № 3–4. P. 524–540; репринт в: Major Problems in the History of Imperial Russia / Ed. J. Cracraft. Lexington: Heath, 1994. P. 224–234. Далее цитаты приводятся по последнему изданию.
90
Wortman. Scenarios of Power. P. 33.
91
Ibid. P. 38.
92
Ibid. P. 6.
93
Ibid. P. 41.
94
Ibid. P. 44.
95
Ibid. P. 61.
96
Ibid. P. 64.
97
Cherniavsky. Russia. P. 141.
98
Ibid. P. 140.
99
Cracraft. Empire versus Nation. P. 225.
100
Wortman. Scenarios of Power. P. 81.
101
Ibid. P. 82; обсуждение государства — защитника интересов дворянства см. в статье: Suny R. G. Rehabilitating Tsarism: The Imperial State and Its Historians // Comparative Studies in Society and History. 1989. 31. № 1. P. 168–179.
102
Wortman. Scenarios of Power. P. 82–83.
103
Whittaker С.Н. The Idea of Autocracy among Eighteenth-Century Russian Historians // Imperial Russia: New Histories for the Empire / Ed. J. Burbank, D. Ransel. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998. P. 32–59.
104
Ibid. P. 41.
105
Wortman. Scenarios of Power. P. 136.
106
Raeff. Patterns of Russian Imperial Policy toward the nationalism; Idem. In the Imperial Ma