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98 Bellah, Broken Covenant, p. 179; Wills, Under God, p. 25.
99 Alan Heimert, Religion and the American Mind, From the Great Awakening to the Revolution (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1966), p. 14, 19; Ruth H. Bloch, Visionary Republic: Millenial Themes in American Thought, 1756— 1800 (Cambridge University Press, 1985), p. xiv.
100 John Adams, letter to Hezekiah Niles, 13 February 1818, in Adrie
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Writings of John and John Quincy Adams (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1946), p. 203.
101 Bellah, Broken Covenant, p. 44-45.
102 William W. Sweet, Revivalism in America: Its Origin, Growth, and Decline (New York: Scribners, 1944),p. 159-61.
103 Alan P. Grimes, The Puritan Ethic and Woman Suffrage (New York: Oxford University Press, 1967), p. 102.
104 Sidney Ahlstrom, "National Taruma and the Changing Religious Values", Daedalus, 107 (Winter 1978), p. 19-20.
105 Al Haber, quoted in Edward J. Bacciocco, Jr., The New Left in America (Stanford: Hoover Institution Press, 1974), p. 228-29.
106 Walter A. McDougall, Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter with the World Since 1776 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997); and for a somewhat different view, James Kurth, "The Protestant Reformation and American Foreign Policy", Orbis, (Spring 1998), p. 221-39.
107 Newsweek, 8 July 2002, p. 23-25; New York Times, 27 June 2002, p. Al, A21.
108 New York Times, 27 June 2002, p. A21, 1 July 2002, p. A8, 1 March 2003, p. A2.
109 New York Times, 29 Nov 1999, p. A14.
110 Gaines M. Foster, "A Christian Nation: Signs of a Covenant", in John Bodnar, ed. Bonds of Affection: Americans Define Their Patriotism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996), p. 121-22; Nathan O. Hatch, The Sacred Cause of Liberty: Republican Thought and the Mille
111 Quotations from Walter A. McDougall, Promised Land, Crusader State: The American Encounter with the World
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Since 1776 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1997), p. 38; Robert N. Bellah, The Broken Covenant: American Civil Religion in Time of Trial (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2nd ed., 1992), p. 180-82; Jon Butler, Awash in a Sea of Faith: Christianizing the American People (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1990), p. 214; Novak, God's Country, p. 25-26; Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America (New York: Vintage, 1945), vol. 1, p. 316.
112 Sidney E. Mead, The Nation With the Soul of a Church (New York : Harper Row, 1975), p. 78ff.
113 Butler, Awash in a Sea of Faith, p. 268.
114 Roger Finke and Rodney Stark, The Churching of America: 1776-1990: Wi
115 Tocqueville, Democracy in America, vol. 1, p. 45, 316, 319; Philip Schaff, America: A Sketch of Its Political, Social, and Religious Character, (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1961) p. 14,75-76.
116 James Bryce, The American Commonwealth (London: Macmillan, 1891), vol. 2, p. 278, 577, 583; Gu
117 Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll, 9-12 December 1999, 17-19 February 2003,9-10 December 2002, 2-4 September 2002; Qui
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118 Qui
119 Krister Stendhal quoted in William G. McLoughlin and Robert N. Bellah, Religion in America (Boston: Beacon Press, 1968), p. xv; The Gallup Organization, The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion 1999 (Wilmington: Scholarly Resources, 2000), p. 50-56.
120 Ke
121 George Bishop, "What Americans Really Believe", Free Inquiry, 9 (Summer 1999), p. 38-42.
122 Ronald Inglehart, Miguel Basanez, and Alejandro Moreno, Human Values and Beliefs: A Cross-Cultural Sourcebook: Political, Religious, Sexual, and Economic Norms in 43 Societies: Findings from the 1990-1993 World Values Survey (A
123 Smith, Civic Ideals, p. 55-56, 56-57; Kettner, The Development of American Citizenship, p. 66-69; Linda Colley, Britons: Forging the Nation 1707-1837 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992), p. 5-6, 11-54.
124 Smith, Civic Ideals, p. 57; Ernest Lee Tuveson, Redeemer Nation: The Idea of America's Mille
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American Thought, 1756-1800 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985), p. 12; Hatch, The Sacred Cause of Liberty, p. 36-44; Kettner, The Development of American Citizenship, p. 114.
125 Hatch, The Sacred Cause of Liberty, p. 75-76, 131; Cushing Strout, The New Heavens and New Earth: Political Religion in America (New York: Harper Row, 1974), p. 71; Phillips, The Cousins' Wars, p. 91-100; McDougall, Promised Land, Crusader State, p. 18; Garry Wills, Under God: Religion and American Politics (New York: Simon Schuster, 1990), p. 360-362; Bloch, Visionary Republic, p. 58-59.
126 Ray Allen Billington, The Protestant Crusade, 1800-1860 (New York: Macmillan, 1938), p. 3-21; Theodore Maynard, The Story of American Catholicism (New York: Macmillan, 1941), p. 115.