Britain's Royal Families

(ii)

Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier

He was born on 6 or 21 March, 1725, at the Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, Italy, and was styled ‘Duke of York’ from birth by adherents of the Jacobite cause. He entered the Roman Catholic Church, and was ordained Cardinal Deacon on 30 June, 1747, and Cardinal of Santa Maria, Portici, on 3 July, 1747, before being ordained as a priest on 1 September, 1748. He was known thereafter as ‘Cardinal York’. He was provided to the Archbishopric of Corinth on 19 November, 1758, but was translated to the Bishopric of Frascati, Italy, on 13 July, 1761. He succeeded his brother Charles as Pretender to the throne of Great Britain on 30/31 January, 1788, styling himself ‘Henry IX’. He died on 13 July, 1807, at Frascati, Italy, and was buried in St Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican, Rome, after being briefly laid to rest in the church of St Andrea della Valle, Rome.

12   Louisa Maria Theresa

She was baptised Louisa Maria, and received the name Theresa at her confirmation. She was born on 18 (O.S.) or 28 (N.S.) June, 1692, at the Château of St Germain-en-Laye, Paris, and died there on 8 (O.S.) or 18 (N.S.) April, 1712. She was buried in the Chapel of St Edmund in the Church of the English Benedictines, Rue St Jacques, Paris, but later transferred to St Germain-en-Laye by order of George IV.

James II also had the following illegitimate issue:

By Arabella (1648–1730), daughter of Sir Winston Churchill and sister of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough:

1  Henrietta FitzJames (1667–1730); she married firstly Henry, 1st Baron Waldegrave of Chewton, Somerset (1661–1690), and had issue. She married secondly Piers Butler, 2nd Viscount of Galmoye ( d.1740).

2  James FitzJames (1670–1734), Duke of Berwick; he married firstly Honora (1674–1697), daughter of William Bourke, Earl of Clanricarde, and had issue. He married secondly A

3  Henry FitzJames, Duke of Albemarle (1673–1702); he married Marie Gabrielle (1675–1741), daughter of John d’Audibert, Count of Lussan, and had issue.

4  Arabella (1674–1704); she became a nun at Pontoise, France, under the name Ignatia.

Arabella Churchill may have borne James other children who died young prior to 1670.

By Katherine, Countess of Dorchester (1657–1717), daughter of Sir Charles Sedley:

5  Katherine Darnley (1679/81–1743); she married firstly James A

6  James Darnley (1684–1685).

7  Charles Darnley ( d.young).

JAMES II

He was deemed by Parliament to have abdicated on 11 December, 1688, by fleeing the country to exile in France. He was formally deposed by Parliament on 23 December, 1688. He died on 16 September, 1701, at the Château of St Germain-en-Laye, near Paris. His body was temporarily buried in the Chapel of St Edmund in the Church of the English Benedictines in the Rue St Jacques, Paris, whilst hopefully awaiting eventual transportation to England for burial in Westminster Abbey. The body seems to have disappeared, however, during the French Revolution, although there are reports that it was found and reinterred at St Germain-en-Laye by order of George IV.

An Interregnum followed the deposition of James II, who was succeeded two months later by his son-in-law William of Orange and his daughter Mary as joint sovereigns.

William III and Mary II

WILLIAM III

FATHER: William( II)

He was the son of Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, by Amalia, daughter of John Albert I, Count of Solms-Braunfels, and he was born on 27 May, 1626, at The Hague, Holland. He married Mary Stuart on 2 May, 1641, at the Chapel Royal, Whitehall Palace, London. He was made a Knight of the Garter on 2 March, 1645. He succeeded his father as William II, Stadtholder of the United Provinces of the Netherlands, in March, 1647. He died on 6 November, 1650, at the Bi

MOTHER: Mary Henrietta

She was the daughter of Charles I, King of Great Britain, by Henrietta Maria of France, and she was born on 4 or 29 November, 1631, at St James’s Palace, London. She was designated Princess Royal in c.1642, thus establishing the tradition that the eldest daughter of a British sovereign bears the title Princess Royal. She died on 24 December, 1660, at Whitehall Palace, London, of smallpox, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

SIBLINGS: William III did not have any siblings.

WILLIAM III

Baptised William Henry, he was born on 4 (O.S.) or 14 (N.S.) November, 1650, at the Bi

William III married, on 4 November, 1677, either at St James’s Palace or at Whitehall Palace, London:

MARY II

FATHER: James II( see here).

MOTHER: A

SIBLINGS: ( see here, under James II).

MARY II

She was born on 30 April, 1662, at St James’s Palace, London. She was proclaimed Queen of Great Britain on 13 February, 1689, following the deposition of her father and the Interregnum; she reigned as joint sovereign with her husband, with whom she was crowned on 11 April, 1689. She died on 28 December, 1694, at Kensington Palace, London, of smallpox, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Issue of marriage:

1   Stillborn child

It was born in c.April, 1678, at Breda, Holland.

2   Stillborn child

It was born in September, 1678, at Hanserlaersdyck, Holland.

3   Stillborn child

It was born in February, 1680, at The Hague, Holland.

WILLIAM III

After Mary II’s death, William IIIreigned alone, the rightful heir, A

William was succeeded by A

Queen A

FATHER: James II( see here).

MOTHER: A