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Scottish History For Dummies
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Table of Contents
Introduction
About This Book
Foolish Assumptions
Icons Used in This Book
Beyond the Book
Where to Go from Here
Part I: Getting Started with Scottish History
Chapter 1: Welcome to Scotland
The Peoples of Scotland
The Formation of Scotland
The Union with England and Its Uncertain Future
Chapter 2: From Nomads to Farmers: The Earliest Peoples
Boundaries and Landscape: The First People to Inhabit Scotland
The Ages of Man: The Stone Age, Bronze Age and Iron Age in Scotland
The Stone Age
The Bronze Age
The Iron Age
Anybody Out There? The People Who Came to Scotland from Europe
The Beaker people: Let’s get hammered!
The Celts: Holding firm
What Life Was Like for Scotland’s First Settlers
Tools and toil
Wealth and power
Death and religion
Chapter 3: Disunited Kingdoms (80–750)
Roamin’ in the Gloamin’: The Roman Invasion and (Near) Conquest
Another brick in the wall
What the Romans did for Scotland
When the Saints Come Marching In
Four Nations and Five Languages
Angles
Britons
Picts
Gaels
Part II: Making the Kingdom (840–1286)
Chapter 4: The Kingdom of Alba (840–1040)
The Disappearance of the Picts
Ke
The Viking Invasion
Putting down roots
Battling the Vikings: The North
Battling the Vikings and Saxons: The south
Mapping the kingdom
Chapter 5: Good Kings, Bad Kings and a Saintly Queen (1034–1153)
Enter Macbeth, Stage Right: The End of the MacAlpin Dynasty?
Malcolm and Margaret: The Ideal Couple?
Making Scotland more English
Making England more Scottish
Margaret and the soul of Scotland
The Four Stooges: Donald, Duncan, Edgar and Alexander
David I: The Revolutionary King
The governance of Scotland
The transformation of the Scottish Church
Anglo–Scottish relations
David I: The greatest of Scottish kings?
Chapter 6: Peace and Plenty? (1153–1286)
The Very Short Reign of Malcolm IV (1153–1165)
The Very Long Reign of William I ‘the Lion’(1165–1214)
War and its consequences
Challenges to royal authority
Big Bad John
Lamb or lion?
The Middling Reign of Alexander II(1214–1249)
Troubles with John
The Treaty of York
Expansion of the kingdom
The Golden Age of Alexander III (1249–1286)
The boy king
Coming of age
The Battle of Largs
Finding an heir
A golden age?
Part III: Making the Nation (1286–1542)
Chapter 7: The Wars of Independence (1286–1371)
The Auld Alliance
The Maid of Norway
Finding a king
The trouble with John
If you hate the English, clap your hands
The First War of Independence (1296–1328)
William Wallace and the Scottish resistance
Robert the Bruce
A spider’s tale
The Battle of Ba
The Declaration of Arbroath
The Second War of Independence (1332–1357)
The Scottish resistance
Three cheers for the Auld Alliance!
The Scottish spring
The Return of the Boy King
He’s back, but not for long!
The second reign of David II
The Black Death
Chapter 8: The Foundations of the Stewart Dynasty (1371–1460)
The Reign of Robert II
Jobs for the boys
A little family difficulty
The Reign of Robert III
The rise of the Albany Stewarts
The English and Scottish battle in Northumberland
The Albany Governorship(1406–1424)
The Reign of James I
The fall of the Albany Stewarts
The early Renaissance prince
Money, money, money
The lord of the Isles
The French co
To kill a king
The Reign of James II
The minority of James II
The Black Douglases
Accidents will happen
Economic and Social Life in Medieval Scotland
The unwashed
The urban elite
The Highlands and the clans
Saints and si
Trading networks
Chapter 9: Renaissance Scotland (1460–1542)
The Renaissance
Monarchy
Art
Architecture
Education
Literature
Music
The Reign of James III
A little family bother
Our friends in the north
Business as usual
The Reign of James IV
The lordship of the Isles
The Renaissance prince
Our friends in the south
The Battle of Flodden Field
The Reign of James V
The politics of regency
The Red Douglas
The Renaissance prince
James V and the Reformation
The Battle of Solway Moss
Everyday Life in Renaissance Scotland
The economy
Social life
Part IV: The Unmaking of a Nation (1540–1750)
Chapter 10: From Reformation to the Union of the Crowns (1540–1625)
Regency and Reformation
Rough wooing
The regency of Mary of Guise
The lords of the congregation
Reformation
The Reign of Mary, Queen of Scots
Conversing with John Knox
Finding a husband
The murder of David Riccio
Darnley has to go
The queen fights back
Mary has to go
The Reign of James VI
Civil war and revolution
The king and his lover
It’s witchcraft
Restoring royal authority
The Union of the Crowns
Chapter 11: King, Commonwealth and Revolution (1625–1690)
The Reign of Charles I
The Book of Common Prayer and more trouble for Charles
The National Covenant
Royal reaction
The Wars of the Three Kingdoms
We’ve got to talk about Charles
The Reign of Charles II
The Cromwellian occupation
The Restoration of the monarchy
The Reign of James II and VII
The Glorious Revolution of 1688
The Jacobite Rebellion of 1689
Everyday Life in 17th-Century Scotland
Living conditions
Emigration: Let’s get out of here!
The social structure
The social impact of religion
It’s witchcraft
Culture and education
Chapter 12: The Unmaking of a Nation (1690–1750)
The ‘Ill Years’
The Glencoe Massacre
Widespread famine
The Darien Scheme
The Union Debate
Bought and sold for English gold?
The Treaty of Union
Popular reactions to union
Economic consequences of union
The Jacobite Revolts
The 1715 rebellion
The 1719 rebellion: They’re at it again!
Pacification of the Highlands
The 1745 rebellion
National Identity: Turning Scots into North Britons?
Political Management
Part V: The Remaking of a Nation (1750–1918)
Chapter 13: A Nation in Transition (1750–1832)
Transitioning from an Agrarian Society to an Industrial One
Working conditions
Urban growth and urban crisis
The Highland Clearances: Ethnic Cleansing of the Highlands
Empire and Diaspora
The Enlightenment: Why Scotland?
Political Radicalism
Political management
The impact of the French Revolution
Show trials
Revolution is in the air
Radicalism Reborn
Agitation
Revolution in the air (again)
Enlightened Tories: An oxymoron?
Reform or revolution
The effect of the Great Reform Act of 1832
Chapter 14: The Making of Modern Scotland (1832–1918)
The Victorian Economic Miracle
The rewards of industry
Slowing down
Living in the City
Squalor and overcrowding
Poverty: Starving in the midst of plenty
The New Poor Law of 1845
The Highland Clearances: The Second Wave
In Search of Democracy
The Second Reform Act
Where is it going to end? More reforms
Women on the march
Liberal Scotland
The attack from the right
Religion and politics
The attack from the left
Liberalism restored
Emigration and Empire
North America
India
Australasia
Africa
The War to End All Wars
The social costs of war
The economy of war
The politics of war
Putting it all together
Part VI: New Begi
Chapter 15: The Devil’s Decades: Politics and Poverty (1918–1945)
Toward the Depression: The Economy and Employment
Things aren’t working
It’s not getting any better
Hard Times
Responses to unemployment
Incremental improvements
Getting Back to Work
Jerusalem Postponed: The Politics of the Interwar Years
Fractures within the Liberal Party
The rise and fall of Labour
And along came the Tories
We are all Unionists now
Chapter 16: The Rebirth of a Nation (1945–2000)
Scotland and the Second World War
The blitz
The home front
Rationing
The politics of war
The Silent Social Revolution: War and Welfare (1945–2000)
Fighting for a better world
Nationalising the utilities
The Scottish Economy: From Ships to Chips
Fighting for a way of life
End of an empire
Politics in a Changing World (1945–2000)
The rise and fall of the Tories
The rise and rise of Labour
The mercurial Scottish National Party
The Scottish Parliament
Part VII: The Part of Tens
Chapter 17: Ten Great Places to Visit in Scotland
The Heart of Neolithic Orkney
Eilean Donan Castle
Glencoe
Ba
St Andrews
Falkland Palace
The Necropolis
Melrose Abbey
Alloway